Bifurcated RAS in a patient with refractory hypertension and pulmonary edema
نویسندگان
چکیده
R enal artery stenosis (RAS) can result in difficult-tocontrol hypertension or unexplained azotemia.1,2 In addition, patients with bilateral RAS or its equivalent may present with recurrent congestive heart failure (CHF) or flash pulmonary edema.3,4 Several reports have shown that percutaneous transluminal angioplasty (PTA) with stent implantation results in improvement in blood pressure control as well as prevention or amelioration of symptoms of recurrent CHF.5-7 Major complications aside from recurrent flash pulmonary edema and hypertensive crisis include renal atrophy and dialysis.
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Atherosclerotic renal artery stenosis (RAS) is relatively common and often associated with reversible hypertension, progressive renal insufficiency, and/or coronary-independent pulmonary edema. Not all RAS is associated with renovascular hypertension. Historical and physical findings may suggest renovascular hypertension and warrant investigation for RAS. Noninvasive diagnostic imaging options ...
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OBJECTIVES We examined the prevalence and severity of renal artery stenosis (RAS) in patients undergoing cardiac catheterization who were deemed at risk for RAS based on clinical or laboratory criteria for study entry, but who had not previously been suspected of having RAS. BACKGROUND The diagnosis of atherosclerotic RAS remains problematic because its clinical manifestations are nonspecific...
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